create_image.sh

#!/bin/bash
# refer to https://github.com/revyos/mkimg-th1520/blob/main/mkrootfs.sh

set -ex

# It woule be good to test it outside of Docker
OUT_DIR="$1"
KERNEL_VERSION="$2"

ROOTFS_IMG="${OUT_DIR}/vf2-rootfs.img"
SD_DD_OPTS="bs=4k iflag=fullblock oflag=direct conv=fsync status=progress"


BASE_TOOLS="binutils file tree sudo bash-completion u-boot-menu initramfs-tools openssh-server network-manager dnsmasq-base libpam-systemd ppp wireless-regdb wpasupplicant libengine-pkcs11-openssl iptables systemd-timesyncd vim usbutils libgles2 parted exfatprogs systemd-sysv mesa-vulkan-drivers"
EXTRA_TOOLS="i2c-tools net-tools ethtool xdotool"

function make_image(){

    if [ -f ${ROOTFS_IMG} ]; then
        echo "deleting nvme rootfs image..."
        rm ${ROOTFS_IMG}
    fi

    dd if=/dev/zero of="${ROOTFS_IMG}" bs=1M count=4096

    echo "Creating Blank ${ROOTFS_IMG}"

     sgdisk -g --clear --set-alignment=1 \
         -g --clear --new=1:0:+16M: --new=2:0:+100M: -t 2:EF00 --new=3:0:-1M: --attributes 3:set:2 -d 1 ${ROOTFS_IMG} 


    part_id=$(kpartx -av ${ROOTFS_IMG} | awk '{print $3}' | awk 'NR==1 {print $1}'| awk -F 'p' '{print $2}')
    echo "the output is $part_id"

    LOOP_X_P2="loop${part_id}p2"
    LOOP_X_P3="loop${part_id}p3"

    echo "formatting loopback device ${LOOP_X_P2}"

    mkfs.vfat "/dev/mapper/${LOOP_X_P2}" 

    mkfs.ext4 -m 0 -L root "/dev/mapper/${LOOP_X_P3}"

    # Copy Files, first the rootfs partition
    echo "Mounting  partitions ${LOOPDEV}"
    ROOTFS_POINT=/nvme_rootfs
    mkdir -p "${ROOTFS_POINT}"

    mount "/dev/mapper/${LOOP_X_P3}" "${ROOTFS_POINT}"

    #mount ${LOOPDEV} /mnt
    #debootstrap --arch=riscv64 --keyring /usr/share/keyrings/debian-ports-archive-keyring.gpg --include=debian-ports-archive-keyring,ca-certificates  unstable ${ROOTFS_POINT} https://mirror.iscas.ac.cn/debian-ports
    #
    mmdebstrap -v --architectures=riscv64 \
    --include="ca-certificates debian-archive-keyring locales dosfstools \
        $BASE_TOOLS $EXTRA_TOOLS " \
    sid "${ROOTFS_POINT}" \
    "deb http://deb.debian.org/debian/ sid main"

    copy_rootfs

    kpartx -d ${ROOTFS_IMG}
}

function get_kernel_deb(){
    vf2_image_repo="https://github.com/yuzibo/vf2-linux"
    kernel_deb_url="${vf2_image_repo}/releases/download/${KERNEL_VERSION}/vf2-mainline-kernel-gcc-13.tar.gz"

    wget --no-verbose --no-check-certificate ${kernel_deb_url}

    tar -zxvf vf2-mainline-kernel-gcc-13.tar.gz -C /tmp

}
    

function copy_rootfs(){


    # Copy the rootfs
    cp -v /usr/bin/qemu-riscv64-static ${ROOTFS_POINT}/usr/bin/

    # should judge deb if exist
    get_kernel_deb

    ls -als "${ROOTFS_POINT}/"

    cp -v /tmp/vf2_kernel_deb/*.deb ${ROOTFS_POINT}/tmp
    cp -v /tmp/setup_rootfs.sh ${ROOTFS_POINT}
    chroot "${ROOTFS_POINT}" qemu-riscv64-static /bin/sh /setup_rootfs.sh
    rm "${ROOTFS_POINT}/setup_rootfs.sh" "${ROOTFS_POINT}/usr/bin/qemu-riscv64-static"

    umount "${ROOTFS_POINT}" 

    rm -rf "${ROOTFS_POINT}"

}

make_image

if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
    echo "make_image executed successfully."
    # Now compress the image
    echo "Compressing the image: ${ROOTFS_IMG}"
    cd "${OUT_DIR}" && xz -T0 "${ROOTFS_IMG}"
else
    kpartx -d ${ROOTFS_IMG}
    exit 1
fi