final class SomeFactory extends PersistentObjectFactory
{
protected function initialize(): static
    {
        return $this->beforeInstantiate(
            function (array $attributes): array {
                if ($this->isPersisting()) {
                    // do some stuff which interacts with db
                } else {
                    // do some stuff without db
                }

                return $attributes;
            }
        );
    }
}

// in some test:
SomeFactory::new()->withoutPersisting()->create();

// SomeFactory
public function create(callable|array $attributes = []): object
{
    // ...

    foreach ($this->beforeInstantiate as $hook) {
        try {
	        $hook = \Closure::fromCallabale($hook)->bindTo($this);
		} catch(\Exception) {
            // the closure is static and cannot be bound to anything
        }

        $parameters = $hook($parameters, static::class());

        // ...
    }
}

    /**
     * @param callable(Parameters,class-string<T>, static):Parameters $callback
     */
    final public function beforeInstantiate(callable $callback): static;

    /**
     * @final
     *
     * @param callable(T,Parameters, static):void $callback
     */
    public function afterInstantiate(callable $callback): static;

    /**
     * @param callable(T, Parameters, static):void $callback
     */
    final public function afterPersist(callable $callback): static;