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← Usage | 客户端与凭证(English) | 首页 →

Alternate text

客户端与凭证

使用说明

在您开始之前,您需要注册阿里云帐户并获取您的凭证

使用 AccessKey 调用

from alibabacloud_ocr20191230.client import Client
from alibabacloud_ocr20191230.models import GetAsyncJobResultRequest
from alibabacloud_tea_rpc.models import Config
from alibabacloud_tea_util.models import RuntimeOptions

config = Config(
    access_key_id='<access_key_id>',
    access_key_secret='<access_key_secret>'
)

# 实例化Client
client = Client(config)

request = GetAsyncJobResultRequest(
    job_id='<job_id>'
)

runtime_options = RuntimeOptions()
response = client.get_async_job_result(request, runtime_options)

print(response.to_map())

使用凭证

access_key

通过用户信息管理设置 access_key,它们具有该账户完全的权限,请妥善保管。有时出于安全考虑,您不能把具有完全访问权限的主账户 AccessKey 交于一个项目的开发者使用,您可以创建RAM子账户并为子账户授权,使用RAM子用户的 AccessKey 来进行API调用。

from alibabacloud_credentials.client import Client
from alibabacloud_credentials.models import Config

config = Config(
    type='access_key',                    # 凭证类型
    access_key_id='accessKeyId',          # AccessKeyId
    access_key_secret='accessKeySecret',  # AccessKeySecret
)
cred = Client(config)

access_key_id = cred.get_access_key_id()
access_key_secret = cred.get_access_key_secret()
cred_type = cred.get_type()

sts

通过安全令牌服务(Security Token Service,简称 STS),申请临时安全凭证(Temporary Security Credentials,简称 TSC),创建临时安全凭证。

from alibabacloud_credentials.client import Client
from alibabacloud_credentials.models import Config

config = Config(
    type='sts',                           # 凭证类型
    access_key_id='accessKeyId',          # AccessKeyId
    access_key_secret='accessKeySecret',  # AccessKeySecret
    security_token='securityToken'        # STS Token
)
cred = Client(config)

access_key_id = cred.get_access_key_id()
access_key_secret = cred.get_access_key_secret()
security_token = cred.get_security_token()
cred_type = cred.get_type()

Ram_role_arn

通过指定RAM角色,让凭证自动申请维护 STS Token。你可以通过为 Policy 赋值来限制获取到的 STS Token 的权限。

from alibabacloud_credentials.client import Client
from alibabacloud_credentials.models import Config

config = Config(
    type='ram_role_arn',                  # 凭证类型
    access_key_id='accessKeyId',          # AccessKeyId
    access_key_secret='accessKeySecret',  # AccessKeySecret
    security_token='securityToken',       # STS Token
    role_arn='roleArn',                   # 格式: acs:ram::用户ID:role/角色名
    role_session_name='roleSessionName',  # 角色会话名称
    policy='policy',                      # 可选, 限制 STS Token 的权限
    role_session_expiration=3600          # 可选, 限制 STS Token 的有效时间
)
cred = Client(config)

access_key_id = cred.get_access_key_id()
access_key_secret = cred.get_access_key_secret()
security_token = cred.get_security_token()
cred_type = cred.get_type()

ecs_ram_role

通过指定角色名称,让凭证自动申请维护 STS Token

from alibabacloud_credentials.client import Client
from alibabacloud_credentials.models import Config

config = Config(
    type='ecs_ram_role',      # 凭证类型
    role_name='roleName'      # 账户RoleName,非必填,不填则自动获取,建议设置,可以减少请求
)
cred = Client(config)

access_key_id = cred.get_access_key_id()
access_key_secret = cred.get_access_key_secret()
security_token = cred.get_security_token()
cred_type = cred.get_type()

Ras_key_pair

通过指定公钥ID和私钥文件,让凭证自动申请维护 AccessKey。仅支持日本站。

from alibabacloud_credentials.client import Client
from alibabacloud_credentials.models import Config

config = Config(
    type='rsa_key_pair',                  # 凭证类型
    private_key_file='privateKeyFile',    # PrivateKey文件路径
    public_key_id='publicKeyId'           # 账户PublicKeyId
)
cred = Client(config)

access_key_id = cred.get_access_key_id()
access_key_secret = cred.get_access_key_secret()
security_token = cred.get_security_token()
cred_type = cred.get_type()

bearer

如呼叫中心(CCC)需用此凭证,请自行申请维护 Bearer Token。

from alibabacloud_credentials.client import Client
from alibabacloud_credentials.models import Config

config = Config(
    type='bearer',                        # 凭证类型
    bearer_token='bearerToken',           # BearerToken
)
cred = Client(config)

access_key_id = cred.get_access_key_id()
access_key_secret = cred.get_access_key_secret()
security_token = cred.get_security_token()
cred_type = cred.get_type()

使用默认凭证提供链

from alibabacloud_credentials.client import Client as CredClient
from alibabacloud_ocr20191230.client import Client as OcrClient
from alibabacloud_ocr20191230.models import GetAsyncJobResultRequest
from alibabacloud_tea_rpc.models import Config
from alibabacloud_tea_util.models import RuntimeOptions

cred = CredClient()
config = Config(credential=cred)

client = OcrClient(config)

request = GetAsyncJobResultRequest(
    job_id='<job_id>'
)

runtime_options = RuntimeOptions()
response = client.get_async_job_result(request, runtime_options)

默认凭证提供程序链查找可用的凭证,寻找顺序如下:

1.环境凭证

在环境变量里寻找环境凭证,如果定义了 ALIBABA_CLOUD_ACCESS_KEY_IDALIBABA_CLOUD_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET 环境变量且不为空,程序将使用它们创建默认凭证。

2.配置文件

如果用户主目录存在默认文件 ~/.alibabacloud/credentials (Windows 为 C:\Users\USER_NAME\.alibabacloud\credentials),程序会自动创建指定类型和名称的凭证。默认文件可以不存在,但解析错误会抛出异常。配置名小写。不同的项目、工具之间可以共用这个配置文件,因为不在项目之内,也不会被意外提交到版本控制。 可以通过定义 ALIBABA_CLOUD_CREDENTIALS_FILE 环境变量修改默认文件的路径。不配置则使用默认配置 default,也可以设置环境变量 ALIBABA_CLOUD_PROFILE 使用配置。

[default]                          # 默认配置
enable = true                      # 启用,没有该选项默认不启用
type = access_key                  # 认证方式为 access_key
access_key_id = foo                # Key
access_key_secret = bar            # Secret

[client1]                          # 命名为 `client1` 的配置
type = ecs_ram_role                # 认证方式为 ecs_ram_role
role_name = EcsRamRoleTest         # Role Name

[client2]                          # 命名为 `client2` 的配置
enable = false                     # 不启用
type = ram_role_arn                # 认证方式为 ram_role_arn
region_id = cn-test                # 获取session用的region
policy = test                      # 选填 指定权限
access_key_id = foo
access_key_secret = bar
role_arn = role_arn
role_session_name = session_name   # 选填

[client3]                          # 命名为 `client3` 的配置
type = rsa_key_pair                # 认证方式为 rsa_key_pair
public_key_id = publicKeyId        # Public Key ID
private_key_file = /your/pk.pem    # Private Key 文件

3.实例 RAM 角色

如果定义了环境变量 ALIBABA_CLOUD_ECS_METADATA 且不为空,程序会将该环境变量的值作为角色名称,请求 http://100.100.100.200/latest/meta-data/ram/security-credentials/ 获取临时安全凭证。